Question

Describe the process of decomposition of detritus under the following heads. Fragmentation, Leaching, Catabolism, Humification and Mineralisation.

Answer 1

Breakdown of dead organic matter into inorganic substances is called as decomposition. A dead organic matter/organism or biomass is regarded as a detritus. Decomposition of detritus occurs in following stages:-

• Fragmentation of detritus is done by detritivores. It is a process in which detritivores feed on the dead organic matter, turning it into smaller fragments.
• Catabolism is the next step in which bacteria and fungi secrete digestive enzymes over the detritus. It helps in the formation of simple and soluble organic and inorganic substances. A part of this nutrient may be taken up and immobilized by the bacteria.
• Leaching of nutrient occurs when the nutrients seep deeper in soil.
• Decomposition process yields inorganic nutrients and humus formation.
• Formation of humus is called humification.
• Nutrients are released as further degradation of humus occurs, this is called as mineralization.