Question

Development of an organism from female gamete/egg without involving fertilization is

• A. Adventitive embryony
• B. Polyembryony
• C. Parthenocarpy
• D. Parthenogenesis

Answer 1

The correct option is D Parthenogenesis

Parthenogenesis is the development of an embryo from an unfertilised egg or if a spermatozoa does penetrate the egg, there is no union of male and female pronuclei. It is a mode of asexual reproduction. On the basis of division, it is of two types apomictic parthenogenesis and automictic parthenogenesis. In apomictic parthenogenesis, the mature egg cells are produced by mitotic divisions, and these cells directly develop into embryos. The offsprings produced are full clones of the mother.

In automictic parthenogenesis, the mother cell undergoes meiosis and produces haploid offspring which are the half-clone of the mother cell.

Adventive embryony is a type of apomixis where the embryo arises from cells of nucellus or the integument.

The production of two or more embryos in one seed is known as polyembryony.

Parthenocarpy is natural or artificially induced production of fruit without fertilization of ovules.

So, the correct answer is option D.