Question

Difference between sp^{​​​​​3}​​​​ and sp^{​​​​​2 _{hybridisation}}

Answer 1

Hybridization and VSEPR are theoretical treatment to explain the experimentally observed molecular structures.

sp2 hybridization: one s orbital+two p orbital involves in hybridization and it will leads to equilateral triangle form (if all are bond pair bp). If lone pair presents shape of the molecule will differ accordingly. May be bend shape (if one lone pair lp +two bond pair bp) and linear ( if two lone pair+one bond pair).

sp3 hybridization: one s orbital+three p orbital involves in hybridization and it will leads to tetrahedral form ( methane). similar to above one If lone pair presents shape of the molecule will differ accordingly.

Perfect tetrahedral CH4 (4 bp+ 0 lp)

Trigonal pyramidal NH3 (3 bp+ 1 lp)

V shape or bend shape H2O (2bp+ 2 lp)

Linear ClO- ion ( anion of hypochlorous acid HClO or ClOH) (1 bp+3 lp)

Some time sp2 hybrid molecules will show Lewis acidity.

As the s character of hybridization increased electro negativity increases.

s character sp>sp2>sp3

Example BF3