Question

Different (variable) oxidation state is shown by transition elements. It is due to the fact:

• A. $(n-1)d$ electrons may be excited to $ns$ orbital
• B. $ns$ electrons may be excited to $(n-1)d$ orbitals
• C. $(n-1)d$ electrons may get involved along with ns electrons in bonding
• D. none of the abovE

Answer 1

The correct option is C $(n-1)d$ electrons may get involved along with ns electrons in bonding

d-block elements have configuration of $(n-1)d^{1-10}n{s}^2$, in compound formation along with $s$, some $d$ orbital electron takes part and according to that they show variable oxidation states.