Differentiate between:
(a) real and virtual images
(b) long sight and short sight
(c) microscope and telescope

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Solution

(a) Real and virtual images

Real Image Virtual Image

A real image can be captured on a screen. A virtual image cannot be captured on a screen.

A real image is always inverted. A virtual image is always erect.

Light rays meet to form a real image. Light rays do not meet to form a virtual image.

(b) Long sight and short sight

Long-Sightedness Short-Sightedness

This defect of vision is known as hypermetropia. This defect of vision is known as myopia.

In this defect, a person cannot see nearby objects clearly, though he/she can see distant objects clearly. In this defect, a person cannot see distant objects clearly, though he/she can see nearby objects clearly.

This defect is caused by the low converging power of the eye lens. It can also occur if the eyeball is too short. This defect is caused by the high converging power of the eye lens. It can also occur if the eyeball is too long.

In this defect, the image is focused behind the retina. In this defect, the image is focused in front of the retina.

This defect is corrected by using spectacles having convex lenses. This defect is corrected by using spectacles having concave lenses.

(c) Microscope and telescope

Microscope Telescope

Microscope is used to view things that are very near. Telescope is used to view things that are very far.

The focal point in case of a microscope is just a fraction of an inch off. The focal point in case of a telescope may be at a far-off place.

Microscope is used to look into small details like the structure of cells and unicellular organisms. Telescope is used to look large objects that are very far off (e.g., to look into space).

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