Question

Differentiate between external and internal fertilization based on the following parameters:

(i) Meaning

(ii) Size

(iii) Success

(iv) Number of gametes

(v) Examples

Answer 1

External fertilization	Internal fertilization
It the type of fertilization that takes place outside the body of an organism, e.g., in water.	Internal fertilization involves the fusion of male and female gametes inside the body of an organism.
The motile male gamete and the non-motile female gamete are both released into the water where they fuse together.	The male releases his motile sperms inside the female’s body.
As there are a lot of environmental hazards, a large number of gametes are released into the environment so as to increase the survival rate. The success rate is lower than that of internal fertilization.	As fertilization and further growth of the organism both take place in a protected environment, the success rates are higher and the number of offspring produces at once is lesser than that in external fertilization.
Example: Female frogs deposit their eggs into the water and male frogs do the same for their sperms. Fertilization takes place when these gametes come in contact and fuse together.	Example: In humans, the male partner releases his semen containing sperms into the vaginal canal of the female from where they go to the ovum present in the fallopian tube and fertilization takes place there.