Question

Differentiate between (i) Stipule and bract
(ii) Introrse and extrorse anther
(iii) Sepaloid and petaloid
(iv) Actinomorphic and zygomorphic flower.

Answer 1

(i)

Stipule	Bract
These are leaf-like structure present on the leaf base	These are leaf-like structure present on the base of the inflorescence.
They are modified in various structures to perform functions like they are modified into leaves to help in photosynthesis.	It functions as an attraction for the pollinator.

(ii)

Introse anther	Extrorse anther
Anthers dehiscing outwards from the center of the flower is called as introse anther.	Anthers dehiscing toward the center of the flower is called as an extrorse flower.
Members of Ericaceae have introse anther at maturity.	Members of Ericaceae have extrorse anther during early development.

(iii)

Sepaloid	Petaloid
When petals resemble sepals, it is called as sepaloid.	When sepals resemble petals, it is called as petaloid.
For example, Amborella.	Example, lily flower.

(iv)

Actinomorphic flower	Zygomorphic flower
These flowers can be divided into two equal halves when cutting from any plane passing through its centre.	These flowers can be divided into two equal halves by single vertical plane.
For example, chilly, mustard.	For example, pea, beans.