Differentiate between polar and non-polar covalent compounds.

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Solution

Polar covalent compound Non-polar covalent compound
1. It is formed by the atoms of two different elements. 1. It is generally formed by the atoms of the same element.
2. There is a difference in electronegativity between the participating atoms. 2. Electronegativity of the atom is almost the same.
3. Shared pairs of electrons are unevenly distributed between the atoms. 3. Shared pairs of electrons are evenly distributed between the atoms.
4. Example: $H_{2} O$ , ${CH}_{3} Cl$ 4. Example: ${CH}_{4}$ , $O_{2}$

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Taking hydrogen chloride and methane as examples, distinguish between a polar covalent bond and a non-polar covalent bond.

Give two example of polar covalent compounds and two examples of non-polar covalent compounds.

Please help me understand how to identify a polar covalent compound and a non-polar covalent compound.

B F_{3}

N F_{3}

B F_{3}

N F_{3}

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Polar covalent compound	Non-polar covalent compound
1. It is formed by the atoms of two different elements.	1. It is generally formed by the atoms of the same element.
2. There is a difference in electronegativity between the participating atoms.	2. Electronegativity of the atom is almost the same.
3. Shared pairs of electrons are unevenly distributed between the atoms.	3. Shared pairs of electrons are evenly distributed between the atoms.
4. Example: $H_{2} O$ , ${CH}_{3} Cl$	4. Example: ${CH}_{4}$ , $O_{2}$