Differentiate between the following.
(i) Minerals and Ores
(ii) Calcination and Roasting

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Solution

Minerals Ores
A naturally occurring substance obtained by mining which contains the metal in free state or combined state (form) is called mineral.
A mineral containing a high percentage of the metal from which the metal can be profitably extracted is called an ore.
All minerals are not ores.
All ores are minerals.

Calcination Roasting
No supply or limited supply of air is used during heating of ore.
Excess supply of air is used during heating of ore.
The ore is decomposed to metal oxide.
Sulfide ores are oxidized to form metal oxides.

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Minerals	Ores
A naturally occurring substance obtained by mining which contains the metal in free state or combined state (form) is called mineral.	A mineral containing a high percentage of the metal from which the metal can be profitably extracted is called an ore.
All minerals are not ores.	All ores are minerals.

Calcination	Roasting
No supply or limited supply of air is used during heating of ore.	Excess supply of air is used during heating of ore.
The ore is decomposed to metal oxide.	Sulfide ores are oxidized to form metal oxides.