Question

Discuss the structure and functions of mitochondria.

Answer 1

A mitochondrion showing its internal structure.

Structure of mitochondria:

• The mitochondria are the organelle that is distributed in the cytoplasm of the cell.
• The outer membrane of the mitochondria is porous in nature and the inner membrane is internally folded for supporting cellular respiration.
• The interior cavity of the mitochondria is filled with a proteinaceous (gel-like) matrix which contains a few small-sized ribosomes, a circular DNA molecule, and phosphate granules.

Functions of mitochondria:

• Mitochondria are sites of cellular respiration. This process of cellular respiration releases energy in the form of ATP.
• Mitochondria are able to make their own proteins due to which these organelles are regarded as semi-autonomous organelles.