Discuss the transport of gases ( $O_{2}$ and $C O_{2}$ ) in the blood.

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Solution

Oxygen enters the blood from the lungs and carbon dioxide is expelled out of the blood into the lungs. The blood transports both gases. Oxygen is carried to the cells. Carbon dioxide is carried away from the cells. Oxygen inhaled into the lungs bind to hemoglobin of the blood which flows through the lungs. This oxyhemoglobin reaches the tissues and releases most of its oxygen. In return, the carbon dioxide is given out by the tissues and enters the bloodstream. It diffuses out of the red blood cell and enters into the lungs in the form of bicarbonates. In the lungs, it is broken down and free carbon dioxide is liberated.

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For completion of respiration process, write the given steps in sequential manner.

(a) Diffusion of gases $(O_{2} a n d C O_{2})$ across alveolar membrane.

(b) Transport of gases by blood.

(d) Pulmonary ventilation by which atmospheric air is drawn in and $C O_{2}$ rich alveolar air is released out.

(e) Diffusion of $O_{2} a n d C O_{2}$ between blood and tissues.~

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