distillation is used to concentrate the nitric acid obtained from Ostwald's process.

Fractional

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Solution

The correct option is A Fractional
$H N O_{3}$ obtained from Ostwald's process is concentrated by removing water from it. This is done by fractional distillation. This method is utilised here as the difference between the boiling points of $H N O_{3}$ and $H_{2} O$ is nearly $18^{0} C$ . Further distillation with $c o n c . H_{2} S O_{4}$ under reduced pressure results in the formation of fuming nitric acid.

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Reactants used for manufacturing nitric acid in ostwald process are.

4 N H_{3} + 5 O_{2} (g) C a t a l y s t - ---- \to P t / R h 4 N O (g) + 6 H_{2} O (g) . . . (i)

2 N O (g) + O_{2} (g) 1120 K - --- \to 2 N O_{2} (g) . . . (i i)

3 N O_{2} (g) + H_{2} O (l) \to 2 H N O_{3} (a q) + N O (g) . . . (i i i)

68.5 %

98 %

180 L

N O_{2}

20 %

N O_{2}

___% nitric acid is obtained by distilling 68% nitric acid with Conc. $H_{2} S O_{4}$ .

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