Distinguish between:

(a) IRV and ERV

(b) Inspiratory capacity and Expiratory capacity

(c) Vital capacity and Total lung capacity

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Solution

Part (a): IRV vs ERV
Inspiratory Reserve Volume(IRV)
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
1. The maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after normal inspiration is called inspiratory reserve volume.
1. The maximum volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled after normal expiration is called expiratory reserve volume.
2. The IRV of the human lungs is about 2500 - 3500 mL.
2. The ERV of the human lungs is about 1000-1100 mL.

Part (b): Inspiratory Capacity vs Expiratory Capacity
Inspiratory capacity (IC)
Expiratory capacity (EC)
1. It is the volume air that can be inhaled after normal expiration.
1. It is the volume of air that can be exhaled after a normal inspiration.
2. It includes tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume
2. It includes the tidal volume along with the expiratory reserve volume
3. IC = TV + IRV
3. EC = TV + ERV

Part (c): Vital capacity vs Total lung capacity
Vital capacity (VC)
Total lung capacity (TLC)
1. It is the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after maximum inspiration.
1. It is the maximum volume of air in the lungs after maximum inspiration.
2. IC + ERV = VC = 4000 mL in humans.
2. TLC = IC + ERV + RV = 5000-6000 mL in humans.

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Similar questions

Differentiate between

(a) Inspiratory and expiratory reserve volume

(b) Vital capacity and total lung capacity.

Q. Identify the correct and incorrect match about the respiratory volume and capacities and mark the correct answer.
(a) Expiratory capacity = Tidal volume + Residual volume
(b) Vital capacity = Total lung capacity – Residual volume
(c) Inspiratory capacity = Total lung capacity – Functional Residual capacity
(d) Total lung capacity = Vital capacity + Functional Residual capacity

Complete the following blanks, regarding lung volumes and capacities.
i. First lung capacity (FRC) $⟶$ ERV+RV= ________.
ii. Inspiratory capacity (IC) $⟶$ TV+IRV= ________.
iii. Vital capacity (VC) $⟶$ IC+ERV= ________.
iv. Total lung capacity $⟶$ RV+VC= ________.

Q. In the following functional human lung studies, identify the total lung capacity

I	Inspiratory Capacity (IC)
II	Functional Residual Capacity (FRC)
III	Vital Capacity (VC)
IV	Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
V	Residual Volume RV)
VI	Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
VII	Tidal Volume (TV)

The correct answer is

Q. Distinguish between inspiratory capacity and expiratory capacity.

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Inspiratory Reserve Volume

Standard XII Biology

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Inspiratory Reserve Volume(IRV)	Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
1. The maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after normal inspiration is called inspiratory reserve volume.	1. The maximum volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled after normal expiration is called expiratory reserve volume.
2. The IRV of the human lungs is about 2500 - 3500 mL.	2. The ERV of the human lungs is about 1000-1100 mL.

Inspiratory capacity (IC)	Expiratory capacity (EC)
1. It is the volume air that can be inhaled after normal expiration.	1. It is the volume of air that can be exhaled after a normal inspiration.
2. It includes tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume	2. It includes the tidal volume along with the expiratory reserve volume
3. IC = TV + IRV	3. EC = TV + ERV

Vital capacity (VC)	Total lung capacity (TLC)
1. It is the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after maximum inspiration.	1. It is the maximum volume of air in the lungs after maximum inspiration.
2. IC + ERV = VC = 4000 mL in humans.	2. TLC = IC + ERV + RV = 5000-6000 mL in humans.

Distinguish between: (a) IRV and ERV (b) Inspiratory capacity and Expiratory capacity (c) Vital capacity and Total lung capacity

Distinguish between:

(a) IRV and ERV

(b) Inspiratory capacity and Expiratory capacity

(c) Vital capacity and Total lung capacity