Question

Distinguish between biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances. List two effects of each of them on our environment.

Answer 1

Biodegradable Substance	Non-biodegradable Substance
It decomposes naturally in the environment by the action of microorganisms.	It does not decompose naturally.
It is environment friendly.	It is harmful to the environment and causes pollution.
It is made up of natural ingredients.	It is made up of synthetic materials.
It can be converted into manure or recycled.	It can be either reused or recycled.
Examples: Waste paper, wood crumbles, etc.	Examples: Plastic bags, cans, disposable bottles, etc.

Effects of biodegradable substances on environment:

1. Decomposition of biodegradable wastes is accompanied by foul smell which spreads in the environment and affects the people in nearby areas.
2. Heaps of biodegradable wastes act as breeding grounds for houseflies etc, which act as vectors of various diseases.

Effects of non-biodegradable substances on environment:

1. Excessive use of non-biodegradable pesticides and fertilizers affect the fertility of soil.
2. Certain non-biodegradable wastes enter the food chains, get biomagnified and affect the various biotic components of environment.