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Question

Distinguish between drying and dehydrating agent


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Solution

Drying agents

Dehydrating agents

  • The substances which are used to dry the excess water from a compound that is present with it.
  • The substances which are used to absorb water molecules that are present inside the lattice structure of a compound.
  • They don't form any kind of bond with the compound.
  • They form chemical bonds to remove the water from crystallization.
  • They are used in reactions where the presence of water can affect the yield of the reaction drastically. For e.g. in the reactions of Grignard reagent.
  • They are used in the reaction where the compounds are to be used in anhydrous form than in the hydrated form. For e.g. in the calculation of heat capacity of anhydrous copper sulphate, calorimetrically.
  • Examples of drying agents are silica gel, anhydrous calcium carbonate (CaCO3 ), calcium hydride (CaH2 ), etc.
  • Examples of dehydrating agents are concentrated H3PO4 (phosphoric acid), conc. H2SO4 (sulphuric acid), Al2O3 (aluminium oxide), etc.

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