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Question

Distinguish between Primary, Secondary and Teritary amines.

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Solution

Primary amine RNH2
Secondary amine R2NH
Tertiary amine R3N
1. With HNO2 forms alcohol.
Forms N-nitroso amine.
Forms salt
2. With CHCl3/KOH forms carbylamine
No reaction
No reaction
3. With acetyl chloride forms N-alkyl acetamide.
form N, N-dialkyl acetamide.
No reaction
4. With CS2 and HgCl2 alkyl isothiocyanate is formed.
No reaction
No reaction
5. With Diethyl oxalate
COOC2H5|COOC2H52RNH2CONHR|CONHR
dialkyl oxamide, a solid at room temperature is formed.
Forms N, N-dialkyl oxamic ester, a liquid CONR2|CCOOC2H5
No reaction
6. With three molar proportion of alkyl halide, quarternary ammonium salt-crystalline compound is formed.
3RX+RNH2R4N+X
With two molar proportion of alkyl halide, quaternary ammonium salt is formed.
R2NH+2RHR4N+X
With only one molar proportion of alkyl halide quarternary ammonium salt is formed.
R3N+RXR4N+X

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