Distinguish between :

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells.

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Solution

Prokaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells
The cell size is usually small.
The cell size is comparatively larger.
Membrane bound cell organelles absent.
70S type Ribosomes are present. Membrane bound cell organelles present.
80S type Ribosomes are present.
A well developed nucleus is absent. Instead a nucleoid is found.
A well developed nucleus is found. It is differentiated into-
Nuclear Envelop
Chromatin fibers
Nucleoplasm
Nucleolus
Cell wall, if present, possesses muramic acid.
Cell wall, if present, without muramic acid.
DNA is naked, that is, without histones.
Nuclear DNA is associated with histones.
Protein synthesis occurs only in cytoplasm.
Protein synthesis takes place in cytoplasm, mitochondria and plastids.
Respiratory enzymes are associated with plasma membrane.
Respiratory enzymes are present in both cytoplasm as well as mitochondria.
ER, Mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, Centrioles, Lysosomes and other microbodies are absent.
Mitochondria, ER, Golgi apparatus and microbodies including Lysosomes, Centrioles are present in cells of organisms in which motile stage is present in the life cycle.

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