Distinguish between the following
(a) Prostomium and peristomium
(b) Septal nephridium and pharyngeal nephridium

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Solution

Prostomium Peristomium
Prostomium is a dorsal lobe which is present on the ventral mouth. Peristomium is the first segment of earthworm with a ventral mouth.
It overhangs the mouth of an earthworm. It surrounds the mouth opening.
Septal nephridium Pharyngeal nephridium
Present on both sides of inter-segmental septa. They are present as three paired tufts in the fourth, fifth and sixth segments.
They open into the intestine. They are closed.

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Prostomium	Peristomium
Prostomium is a dorsal lobe which is present on the ventral mouth.	Peristomium is the first segment of earthworm with a ventral mouth.
It overhangs the mouth of an earthworm.	It surrounds the mouth opening.

Septal nephridium	Pharyngeal nephridium
Present on both sides of inter-segmental septa.	They are present as three paired tufts in the fourth, fifth and sixth segments.
They open into the intestine.	They are closed.