Question

Distinguish between the following. (i) Agro-based and mineral-based industry (ii) Public sector and joint sector industry

Answer 1

(i) Agro-based industry

Based on the raw materials used, industries can be classified as forest-based, marine based, mineral-based, and agro-based.

• Animal and plant-based products are used as raw materials in the agro-based industry.
• Leather industries, dairy products, cotton textile, vegetable oil, and food processing are some examples of agro-based industries.

Mineral-based industry

• Mineral ores are used as raw materials in mineral-based industries which are known as primary industries. An example of a mineral-based industry is the iron produced from iron ore. Now, this is used as raw material in many industries to produce railway coaches, building materials, and heavy machinery.

(ii) Public sector and joint sector industry

Based on ownership, industries can be classified into the cooperative sector, joint sector, public sector, state-owned and private sector. Private sector industries are operated and owned by a group of individuals or individuals.

Public Sector Industry

• The industries owned and operated by the government are known as the public sector industries.
• Some of the important public sector companies are Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL), Coal India Limited (CIL), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation)

Joint Sector industry

• Joint sector industries are owned and operated by a group of individuals, individuals, and the state.
• An example of the Joint Sector industry is Maruti Udyog Limited.