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Question

Distinguish between the following.

(i) Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy

(ii) Biogas and natural gas

(iii) Ferrous and non-ferrous minerals

(iv) Metallic and non-metallic minerals

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Solution

(i)

Conventional sources of energy

Non-conventional sources of energy

Have been in common use for a long time

Are not commonly used

Are generally exhaustible

Are generally inexhaustible

Are mostly polluting

Are mostly non-polluting

Example: Firewood, coal

Example: Solar energy, nuclear energy

(ii)

Biogas

Natural gas

Formed using organic wastes such as dead plant and animal matter, animal dung and kitchen waste

Found along with petroleum deposits and gets released when crude oil is brought to the surface

Is a non-conventional source of energy

Is a conventional source of energy

Is easily available, especially in rural areas

Is not easily available; very few countries have sufficient natural gas reserves of their own

Is polluting; causes greenhouse effect as it releases carbon dioxide

Is a cleaner fuel

Used as a domestic fuel for cooking and lighting

Used as a domestic fuel as well as an industrial fuel

(iii)

Ferrous mineral

Non-ferrous mineral

A metallic mineral that contains iron

A metallic mineral that does not contain iron

Example: Iron ore, manganese

Example: Gold, silver

(iv)

Metallic mineral

Non-metallic mineral

A mineral containing metal in raw form

A mineral not containing metal

Example: Bauxite, iron ore

Example: Limestone, gypsum


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