Question

Distinguish between the following
(i) Filtration and diffusion
(ii) Turgor pressure and osmotic pressure
(iii) Hypotonic and hypertonic solutions
(iv) zosmosis and diffusion
(v) Flaccid condition and turgid condition
(vi) Plasmolysis and deplasmolysis

Answer 1

(i)

Filtration	Diffusion
The technique of separating insoluble solid molecules from a liquid solution is called filtration.	The movement of particles from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration is called diffusion.

(ii)

Turgor pressure	Osmotic pressure
The pressure developed by the fluid in a plant cell against the cell wall as a result of endosmosis is called turgor pressure.	Osmotic pressure is the pressure required to inhibit the flow of a solvent from a solution of lower concentration to a solution of higher concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.

(iii)

Hypotonic solution	Hypertonic solution
The solution that has a lower concentration of solutes compared with cell sap is called a hypotonic solution.	The solution that has a higher concentration of solutes compared with cell sap is called a hypertonic solution.

(iv)

Osmosis	Diffusion
The movement of a solvent from a region of its higher concentration to a region of its lower concentration via a semi-permeable membrane is osmosis.	The movement of particles from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration is diffusion.

(v)

Flaccid condition	Turgid condition
The condition that occurs when water moves out of a cell and leaves the cell flaccid or shrunken is called the flaccid condition.	The condition that occurs when water moves into a cell and makes it swollen or turgid is called the turgid condition.

(vi)

Plasmolysis	Deplasmolysis
Plasmolysis is the movement of water out from a cell when the cell is kept in a hypertonic solution. It makes the cell shrink.	Deplasmolysis is the movement of water into a cell when it is kept in a hypotonic solution. It makes the shrunken cell normal again.