Distinguish between the following on the basis of what is given in the brackets.
(i) Mitosis and meiosis (mode, occurrence and significance).

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Solution

Mitosis:
Mitosis is also referred to as equational division as it results in the formation of two daughter cells containing the same number of chromosomes as in the parent cell.
Meiosis:
Meiosis is the process of double division which occurs in the diploid nucleus of the organism cell.
Mitosis Meiosis
Mode Mitosis is also referred to as equational division as it results in the formation of two daughter cells containing the same number of chromosomes as in the parent cell.
Meiosis is the process of double division which occurs in the diploid nucleus of the organism cell.
Occurrence
The mitotic division of the plant cell occurs in the stem tip, root tip, intercalary meristem, lateral meristem, for the growth of embryo, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds, etc.
In animal cells, the mitotic division occurs for embryo development and in some restricted regions in the mature form like skin, bone-marrow.

Meiosis takes place in the reproductive organs. For example, in humans, meiosis occurs in the testis (in males) and ovaries (in females). But in plants, meiosis occurs in microspore mother cells to form pollen (male gametophyte) as well as in megaspore mother cells to produce embryo sac (female gametophyte).
So, meiosis helps to produce gametes essential for the process of reproduction that help to create new offspring having variation due to a new combination of genes.

Significance The mitotic cell division cycle is responsible for the growth and development of the multicellular organism.
The process of meiosis is responsible for the formation of gametes that are essential for sexual reproduction.

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Question 42
Write briefly the significance of mitosis and meiosis in multicellular organism.

Distinguish between the following on the basis of what is given in the brackets.
Karyokinesis and cytokinesis (purpose of occurrence).

Distinguish between the following on the basis of what is given in the brackets.

Mitosis in animal and plant cells (occurrence).

What is the significance of mitosis and meiosis ?

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	Mitosis	Meiosis
Mode	Mitosis is also referred to as equational division as it results in the formation of two daughter cells containing the same number of chromosomes as in the parent cell.	Meiosis is the process of double division which occurs in the diploid nucleus of the organism cell.
Occurrence	The mitotic division of the plant cell occurs in the stem tip, root tip, intercalary meristem, lateral meristem, for the growth of embryo, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds, etc. In animal cells, the mitotic division occurs for embryo development and in some restricted regions in the mature form like skin, bone-marrow.	Meiosis takes place in the reproductive organs. For example, in humans, meiosis occurs in the testis (in males) and ovaries (in females). But in plants, meiosis occurs in microspore mother cells to form pollen (male gametophyte) as well as in megaspore mother cells to produce embryo sac (female gametophyte). So, meiosis helps to produce gametes essential for the process of reproduction that help to create new offspring having variation due to a new combination of genes.
Significance	The mitotic cell division cycle is responsible for the growth and development of the multicellular organism.	The process of meiosis is responsible for the formation of gametes that are essential for sexual reproduction.