Question

Distinguish between the following pairs of compounds using the test given within brackets:
Dilute Sulphuric acid and dilute Hydrochloric acid (using Barium chloride solution)

Answer 1

Part 1: Dilute Sulphuric acid and Barium chloride solution:-

1. When Barium chloride is treated with dilute Sulphuric acid, Barium sulphate and Hydrochloric acid is formed.
2. This Barium sulphate is a white precipitate.
3. Balanced chemical equation- $\underset{(\mathrm{Dil}.\mathrm{Sulphuric}\mathrm{acid})}{{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{(\mathrm{Barium}\mathrm{chloride})}{{\mathrm{BaCl}}_2\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}\to \underset{(\mathrm{Barium}\mathrm{sulphate})}{{\mathrm{BaSO}}_4\left(\downarrow \right)\left(\mathrm{white}\right)\left(\mathrm{s}\right)}+\underset{(\mathrm{Hydrochloric}\mathrm{acid})}{2\mathrm{HCl}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}$

Part 2: Dilute Hydrochloric acid and Barium chloride solution:-

1. Here no such precipitate is formed upon the reaction of Hydrochloric acid and Barium chloride.$\underset{(\mathrm{Barium}\mathrm{chloride})}{{\mathrm{BaCl}}_2\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{(\mathrm{Hydrochloric}\mathrm{acid})}{\mathrm{HCl}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}\to \mathrm{No}\mathrm{ppt}\mathrm{formation}$

Final answer:-

Dilute Sulphuric acid when reacted with Barium chloride gives white ppt of Barium sulphate $\underset{(\mathrm{Dil}.\mathrm{Sulphuric}\mathrm{acid})}{{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{(\mathrm{Barium}\mathrm{chloride})}{{\mathrm{BaCl}}_2\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}\to \underset{(\mathrm{Barium}\mathrm{sulphate})}{{\mathrm{BaSO}}_4\left(\downarrow \right)\left(\mathrm{white}\right)\left(\mathrm{s}\right)}+\underset{(\mathrm{Hydrochloric}\mathrm{acid})}{2\mathrm{HCl}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}$

No ppt is formed when Hydrochloric acid reacts with Barium chloride

$\underset{(\mathrm{Barium}\mathrm{chloride})}{{\mathrm{BaCl}}_2\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}+\underset{(\mathrm{Hydrochloric}\mathrm{acid})}{\mathrm{HCl}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)}\to \mathrm{No}\mathrm{ppt}\mathrm{formation}$