Distinguish by adding : Sodium hydroxide solution and ammonium hydroxide solution to
(a) Calcium salt solution and lead salt solution.
(b) Lead salt solution and zinc salt solution.
(c) Copper salt solution and ferrous salt solution.
(d) Fe(II) salt solution and Fe(III) salt solution.
(e) Ferrous nitrate and lead nitrate

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Solution

From the given table you can distinguish the salt solutions given
(i) Sodium Hydroxide

Small amount In excess

Calcium salt White precipitate Sparingly soluble

Zinc salt White precipitate Soluble

Lead salt White precipitate Soluble

Copper salt Pale Blue precipitate Insoluble

Ferrous salt Gelatinous Green precipitate Insoluble

Ferric salt Brown precipitate Insoluble

(ii) Ammonium Hydroxide

Small amount In excess

Calcium salt No visible reaction No change

Zinc salt White precipitate Soluble

Lead salt White precipitate Insoluble

Copper salt Pale Blue precipitate Deep blue solution

Ferrous salt Gelatinous Green precipitate Insoluble

Ferric salt Brown precipitate Insoluble

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Q. State the effect of adding a small amount of a] sodium hydroxide b] ammonium hydroxide followed by an excess in each case to samples of each of the salt solutions:
Zinc nitrate solution and calcium nitrate solution.

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chlorine, iron, lead, lead nitrate solution, sodium nitrate solution, iron (III) carbonate, lead carbonate, iron (III) hydroxide, sodium hydroxide solution and dilute hydrochloric acid. The salts are
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(iii) anhydrous iron (III) chloride.

Copy and complete the following which summarizes the effect of adding a small amount of sodium hydroxide to salt solution followed by an excess of the reagent, and then adding ammonium hydroxide (ammonia solution) in a small amount followed by an excess to another sample of the salt solution.

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produces a lilac coloured flame and its solution gives a white precipitate with silver nitrate solution, which is soluble in Ammonium hydroxide solution.

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Zinc Ion

Standard X Chemistry

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	Small amount	In excess
Calcium salt	White precipitate	Sparingly soluble
Zinc salt	White precipitate	Soluble
Lead salt	White precipitate	Soluble
Copper salt	Pale Blue precipitate	Insoluble
Ferrous salt	Gelatinous Green precipitate	Insoluble
Ferric salt	Brown precipitate	Insoluble