Question

$DNA$ polymorphism forms the basis of:

Answer 1

Polymorphism is the variation in the genetic makeup of individuals of a particular species in a population. New mutations may arise in a person’s cell. Since those mutations usually occur in the non-coding sequences, hence, the reproductive ability of the individual is not hampered. Mutations occurring in the germ cells, if not affecting an individual's ability to have offspring, can get transmitted to their offspring. This can further spread to the other members of the population in subsequent generations. These mutations keep on accumulating generation after generation to give rise to different traits in individuals. Once more than one allele variant occurs in a population with frequency greater than 0.01, it is considered as DNA polymorphism.
$DNA$ polymorphism is the basis of genetic mapping of genome and of $DNA$ fingerprinting.