Question

Does conduction of electricity depends on the state if matter or the intermolecular force of the compound or boiling and melting points ?
Electrovalent compounds are good conductors of electricity. Their intermolecular forces are strong.
On the other hand, covalent compounds are bad conductors of electricity. Their intermolecular forces are weak.

Answer 1

Dear student,

Yes, the conduction of electricity depends on the state of matter. The rate of flow of electric current is proportional to the potential difference and to the electrical conductivity of the substance, electrical conductivity depends on the nature of the substance, its cross-sectional area, and its temperature.

Conduction of electricity in a solid-state is more because the substance has free electrons, liquids can also conduct electricity if there are ions or in a molten state. Gases are insulators and don’t conduct electricity unless the ionization potential is exceeded.

Intermolecular forces of the compound, boiling, and melting point all depend on the state of matter so they also affect the conduction of electricity.

Covalent compounds do not conduct electricity because they do not have free electrons or ions. Current results from the motion of ions or electrons which are charged species.
Ionic compounds furnish ions on dissolving in water or any other ionic solvent. On dissolving covalent compounds in an aqueous solution they do not form ions, nor possess free electrons so they are poor conductors of electricity.

​​​​​​​Regards