Question

Does geographical isolation of the individual of a species lead to formation of a new species? Provide a suitable explanation.

Answer 1

Yes, geographical isolation gradually leads to genetic drift. This may impose limitations on the sexual reproduction of the separated population. Slowly the separated individuals will reproduce among themselves and generate new variations. Continuous accumulation of those variations through a few generations may ultimately lead to the formation of a new species.

E.g. - If snails slowly travel beyond a big canyon, the snails on one side will adapt to that environment and the snails on the other side will do the same with their environment. On one side, dark shells might hide them from predators. On the other side, bright coloring might let them stay cool in strong sunlight.