Draw a labeled diagram of Destructive distillation of coal.
Open in App
Solution
Destructive distillation of coal- This is a process of heating coal in the absence of air.
Coal have many elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur.
When coal is heated in the absence of air, many products are obtained.
The main products obtained form coal are coke, coal tar and coal gas.
(1) Coke
It contains 98% carbon.
It is porous, tough and black in colour.
It is a good fuel that burns without smoke.
(2) Coal tar (liquid)
It is a mixture of different carbon compounds.
Its thick, black liquid with an unpleasant smell.
Many substances are used in dyes, explosives, paints, synthetic fibers, drugs, and pesticides. etc. industries are obtained by fractional distillation of coal tar.
(3) Coal Gas
It is a mixture of methane and carbon monoxide and hydrogen gases.
The gases in coal gas are combustible.
It has a high calorific value.
It is used for lighting houses, factories, and streets.
