Question

Draw the electron-dot structures of the following compounds and state the type of bonding in each case:
(i) CO2
(ii) MgO
(iii) H₂O
(iv) HCl
(v) MgCl₂

Answer 1

(i) The electron-dot structure of CO₂ is:

Both oxygen and carbon share their two electrons to form a covalent bond in carbon dioxide, CO₂.

(ii) The electron-dot structure of MgO is:
Mg²⁺${\left[:\underset{..}{\overset{..}{O:}}\right]}^{2-}$
Magnesium donate its two electrons to the oxygen atom to form an ionic bond in magnesium oxide, MgO .


(iii) The electron-dot structure of H₂O is:

The oxygen atom shares its one electron with each hydrogen atom to form a covalent bond in the water molecule.

(iv) The electron-dot structure of HCl is:
H:$\underset{..}{\overset{..}{\mathrm{Cl}}}$:
The hydrogen atom shares its one electron with a chlorine atom to form a covalent bond.

(v) The electron-dot structure of MgCl₂ is:

The magnesium atom transfers its one electron to each chlorine atom to form an ionic bond.