Draw the orbital diagram of ${}_{20}^{40}{Ca}^{+ 2}$ ion and state the number of three fundamental particles present in it.

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Solution

The subscript of the formula indicates the atomic number and the atomic number of Calcium (Ca) is 20.
Also, the Atomic number= Number of protons
Therefore, the number of protons= 20
Mass number= Number of protons+ Number of neutrons
From the superscript of the symbol, mass number=40
Number of neutrons=40-20
Therefore, the number of neutrons= 20
In a neutral atom, no of protons= number of electrons
Therefore, the number of electrons in the atom= 20
The number of electrons present in Calcium ion= 18. This is because a positively charged ion (cation) is formed by the loss of electrons and the +2 charge in the symbol indicates that the Calcium atom has attained this charge by the loss of 2 electrons.
Hence, number of electrons in the Ca⁺² ion =18 (20-2=18). In the diagram, 18 electrons are shown.

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Similar questions

(a) Name the three fundamental particles of an atom. Give the symbol and charge of each particle.

(b) Draw the orbital diagram of $_{20}^{40} C a^{2 +}$ ion and state the number of three fundamental particles present in it.

N_{2}^{+}

σ_{2 p}

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