Question

Due to some physiological reasons the blood glucose level of an otherwise normal person has shot up above normal. How will this condition be returned to normal through hormone action?

Answer 1

Increased blood glucose level is brought back to normal range by the action of the hormone insulin. It is an anti-glycemic hormone secreted from the pancreas. Insulin acts mainly on hepatocytes and adipocytes (cells of adipose tissue) and enhances cellular glucose uptake and utilisation. As a result, there is a rapid movement of glucose from the blood to hepatocytes and adipocytes resulting in decreased blood glucose levels (hypoglycemia). Insulin also stimulates the conversion of glucose to glycogen (glycogenesis) in the target cells.