Dumping of large quantities of biodegradable pollutants in a stream, leads to undesirable growth of microorganisms and plankton. This phenomenon is called
___.

Oligotrophication

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Eutrophication

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Biological oxygen demand

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Dissolved oxygen

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Solution

The correct option is B
Eutrophication

Eutrophication is a biological phenomenon of excessive richness of nutrients in a lake or other body of water, frequently due to run-off from the land, which causes a dense growth of plant life. Dumping of large quantities of biodegradable pollutants include nutrients that can be broken down by the aerobic bacteria or photosynthetic algae in water which lead to a rapid growth of microscopic algae or cyanobacteria in water, commonly known as algal blooms in water bodies. In water undergoing eutrophication, the amount of dissolved oxygen needed (i.e., demanded) by aerobic biological organisms to break down organic material present in a water is called biological oxygen demand (BOD). Dissolved oxygen (DO) refers to microscopic bubbles of gaseous oxygen that are mixed in water and available to aquatic organisms for respiration.

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