Question

During ancient times, people believed that the Earth was the centre of the universe and all celestial bodies including the Sun revolved around the Earth. If this hypothesis were to be true, then:

• A. Earth's mass should be proportionally much higher than the mass of Sun.
• B. Sun's mass should be proportionally much higher than the mass of Earth.
• C. Mass of Earth and Sun should be comparable.
• D. The sum of masses of all celestial bodies should be comparable to that of the Earth

Answer 1

The correct option is A Earth's mass should be proportionally much higher than the mass of Sun.

Consider that the hypothesis is true and the Sun revolves around the Earth. By newton's second law:
$F=ma\Rightarrow a=\frac{F}{m}$

Now since the acceleration of the earth is smaller for other bodies to revolve around it, it's mass should be much larger.