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Question

During monsoon, the rice crops of eastern states of India show lesser yield due to _________ being the limiting factor.

A
CO2
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B
Light
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C
Temperature
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D
Water
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Solution

The correct option is B Light
When several factors interact and simultaneously affect a process, it is usually one factor which is nearest to its minimal value that limits its rate. This is called a limiting factor. A change in the quantity of the limiting factor directly affects the rate of the process. The yield of crops is dependent on light as photosynthesis is dependent on light. Maximum rate of photosynthesis occurs when light is brightest. But during monsoon the light intensity decreases and thus reduces the rate of photosynthesis and hence yields.
Increase in concentration of CO2 up to 0.05% in the atmosphere can cause an increase in CO2 fixation rates. Beyond this, CO2 is accumulated in the plants and results in slow down of the process.
The dark reactions being enzymatic are temperature controlled. C4 plants respond to higher temperatures and show higher rate of photosynthesis while C3 plants have much lower temperature optimum. The optimum temperature for photosynthesis also depends on the habitat that they are adapted to.
Water is a limiting factor and it is very much essential for different purposes like photosynthesis, opening and closing of stomata.

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