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Question
During stressful external conditions, certain organisms escape in time or enter into a state of ‘dormancy’.
Match column I with column II and choose the correct option.
Column I
Column II
A. Fungi
1. Hibernation
B. Angiosperms
2. Spores
C. Snails
3. Aestivation
D. Bears
4. Seeds
During stressful external conditions, certain organisms escape in time or enter into a state of ‘dormancy’.
Match column I with column II and choose the correct option.
| Column I | Column II |
| A. Fungi | 1. Hibernation |
| B. Angiosperms | 2. Spores |
| C. Snails | 3. Aestivation |
| D. Bears | 4. Seeds |
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Solution
The correct option is C A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1
Different organisms respond to their environment in different ways.
On this basis of whether an organism can maintain a constant internal environment (homeostasis) or not, it can be classified as:
- Regulators: these organisms can maintain homeostasis. Examples include mammals and birds
- Conformers: these organisms cannot maintain homeostasis and are called conformers. Example: plants.
If the unfavourable, stressful conditions in the environment are localised or temporary, then organisms can also opt for alternative ways to respond to the changes in their environment, such as suspension of activities.
Suspend means to stop growth for a period of time when the conditions are unfavourable and resume growth when the conditions become favourable.
Some organisms like bacteria and fungi form thick-walled spores to tide over unfavourable conditions. These spores germinate when suitable conditions are available. Therefore, production of spores suspends their growth for a brief period of time.
Seeds are produced by angiosperms as a product of sexual reproduction. During unfavourable conditions, seeds enter into a state of rest called dormancy. Seed dormancy is the period of negligible metabolic activity in seeds during which the process of growth and development is completely suspended. The seeds grow and develop into a seedling only when favourable conditions return.
Aestivation and hibernation are also responses to unfavourable conditions, during which organisms suspend their activities. Aestivation occurs during the summer in animals such as snails, frogs, etc while hibernation occurs during the winter in animals such as bears.
Different organisms respond to their environment in different ways.
On this basis of whether an organism can maintain a constant internal environment (homeostasis) or not, it can be classified as:
- Regulators: these organisms can maintain homeostasis. Examples include mammals and birds
- Conformers: these organisms cannot maintain homeostasis and are called conformers. Example: plants.
Suspend means to stop growth for a period of time when the conditions are unfavourable and resume growth when the conditions become favourable.
Some organisms like bacteria and fungi form thick-walled spores to tide over unfavourable conditions. These spores germinate when suitable conditions are available. Therefore, production of spores suspends their growth for a brief period of time.
Seeds are produced by angiosperms as a product of sexual reproduction. During unfavourable conditions, seeds enter into a state of rest called dormancy. Seed dormancy is the period of negligible metabolic activity in seeds during which the process of growth and development is completely suspended. The seeds grow and develop into a seedling only when favourable conditions return.
Aestivation and hibernation are also responses to unfavourable conditions, during which organisms suspend their activities. Aestivation occurs during the summer in animals such as snails, frogs, etc while hibernation occurs during the winter in animals such as bears.
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