During the nitration of aniline, the amino group is protected by_________

converting it to nitro group

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converting it to amide group

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acylation

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benzoylation

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Solution

The correct option is C acylation
Acylation protects the amino group of aniline.

$P h N H_{2} + C H_{3} C O C l \to P h N H C O C H_{3}$

Now, this is acetanilide (acetylated product).

Aniline cannot be directly nitrated because it is strongly activated and so, trinitration may occur.

However, acetanilide is not so strongly activating as aniline.

So, only mono-nitration occurs and we will get para product as major product.

Hence, option C is correct.

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