Question

Effective nuclear charge can be calculated by using the formula:

• A. $Z^{\ast }=S-Z$
• B. $Z^{\ast }=Z+S$
• C. $Z=Z^{\ast }-S$
• D. $Z^{\ast }=Z-S$

Answer 1

The correct option is D $Z^{\ast }=Z-S$

The effective nuclear charge can be calculated by using the formula $Z^{\ast }=Z-S$.

$Z^{\ast }=$ Effective nuclear charge

$Z=$ nuclear charge

$S=$ number of screening electrons

Due to the screening effect, the effective nuclear charge is less than the nuclear charge.

Hence, the correct option is $\text{D}$