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Physical Properties (Group 1)

Element Hg ha...

Question

Element $H g$ has two oxidation states $H g^{1 +}$ & $H g^{2 +}$ , the correct order of radii of these ions?

H g^{+ 1} < H g^{2 +}

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H g^{1 +} > H g^{2 +}

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H g^{1 +} = H g^{2 +}

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H g^{1 +} \leq H g^{2 +}

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Solution

The correct option is B $H g^{1 +} > H g^{2 +}$
The Cation with the greater positive charge will have a smaller radius because of the greater attraction of the electrons to the nucleus.
Therefore, correct order is: $H g^{1 +} > H g^{2 +}$

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H g^{1 +}

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E_{(H g | H g^{2 +})}^{⊖} = - 0.788 V; E_{(H g_{2}^{2 +} | 2 H g^{2 +})}^{⊖} = - 0.92 V

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H g^{2 +} + 2 e^{-} \to H g ⟹ E^{0} = 0.854 V

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E_{H g_{2}^{2 +} / 2 H g^{2 +}}^{o} = - 0.920 V

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