Question

(a) What is hydroelectricity? Explain the basic principle of generation of hydroelectricity with the help of a labelled diagram.
(b) State two advantages of producing hydroelectricity.
(c) State two disadvantages of producing hydroelectricity.

Answer 1

(a) Hydroelectricity is the product of a process by which mechanical energy from the flow of water is used to generate electricity.
It works on the principle of conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy. Mechanical energy from the flow of water is used to rotate turbines, which are connected to a dynamo that generates electricity.


(b) The advantages of hydroelectricity are given below.
(1) It does not cause any pollution.
(2) It is a renewable form of energy.

(c) The disadvantages of hydroelectricity are given below.
(1) Hydroelectricity plants require the construction of large dams, which affects the ecology of the surroundings.
(2) Hydropower plants require water in reservoirs and are dependent on rain for their functioning.