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Question

Estimate the percentage ionic character of the HBr molecule, given that the dipole moment (μ) is 0.72 D and HBr bond length 150 pm

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Solution

We know,
Theoretical dipole moment (μ)=q×d
=4.8×1010 esu×1.50×108 cm
=7.2×1018 esu cm
Again,
1×1018 esu cm=1 Debye
7.2×1018 esu cm=7.2 D
Percentage ionic character = observed dipole momenttheoretical dipole moment×100=0.727.2×100=10%

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