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Dehydration of Alcohols

Ethene prepar...

Question

Ethene prepared from ethanol by the reaction is
$C H_{3} C H_{2} O H - ------ \to c o n c . H_{2} S O_{4} C H_{2} = C H_{2} + H_{2} O$
Here the reaction takes place at a temperature of _____ K.

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Solution

Ethene can be prepared by the removal of water from ethanol in the presence of sulphuric acid which acts a dehydrating agent. The chemical reaction can be written as:
$C H_{3} C H_{2} O H 443 K - ------ \to c o n c . H_{2} S O_{4} C H_{2} = C H_{2} + H_{2} O$
Ethanol Ethene

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Q. In the reaction :

C H_{3} C H_{2} O H h o t c o n c . H_{2} S O_{4} - -------- \to C H_{2} = C H_{2} + H_{2} O

H_{2} S O_{4}

Q. (a) Write the functional groups present in an aldehyde and a carboxylic acid.
(b) How would you distinguish between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid?
(c) What happens when ethanoic acid is warmed with ethanol in the presence of a few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid? Write equation of the reaction involved.
(d) What happens when a piece of sodium metal is added to ethanol? Write equation of the reaction which takes place.
(e) Describe how ethene can be prepared from ethanol? Give an equation of the reaction and state the conditions.

Question 36
How is ethene prepared from ethanol?

How is ethene prepared by :
(a) dehydrohalogenation reaction?
(b) dehydration reaction?
Give equations and name the products formed.

Q. For a given reaction

H_{2} O (l) ⇌ H_{2} O (g)

takes place in closed vessel at a constant temperature,

p_{H_{2} O}

is the vapour pressure of

H_{2} O

. The equilibrium constant,

K_{p}

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Dehydration of Alcohols

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