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Introduction to Imperfections in Solids

Examine the g...

Question

Examine the given defective crystal.

$\begin{matrix} X^{+} & Y^{-} & X^{+} & Y^{-} & X^{+} Y^{-} & O & Y^{-} & X^{+} & Y^{-} X^{+} & Y^{-} & X^{+} & O & X^{+} Y^{-} & X^{+} & Y^{-} & X^{+} & Y^{-} \end{matrix}$

Answer the following questions :

(i) Is the above defect stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric?
(ii) Write the term used for this type of defect. Give an example of the compound which shows this type of defect?
(iii) How does this defect affect the density of the crystal?

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Solution

(i) Stoichiometric

(ii) Schottky defects, e.g, $N a C l, C s C l$

(iii) The presence of a large number of schottky defects in a crystal will lower its density markedly.

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Q. Examine the defective crystal given below and answer the question that follows:

$A^{+}$	$B^{-}$	$A^{+}$	$B^{-}$	$A^{+}$
$B^{-}$		$B^{-}$	$A^{+}$	$B^{-}$
$A^{+}$	$B^{-}$	$A^{+}$		$A^{+}$
$B^{-}$	$A^{+}$	$B^{-}$	$A^{+}$	$B^{-}$

State if the above defect is stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric. How does this defect affect the density of the crystal? Also, write the term used for this type of defect.

Q. Examine the given defective crystal.

\begin{matrix} A^{+} & B^{-} & A^{+} & B^{-} & A^{+} B^{-} & O & B^{-} & A^{+} & B^{-} A^{+} & B^{-} & A^{+} & O & A^{+} B^{-} & A^{+} & B^{-} & A^{+} & B^{-} \end{matrix}

Answer the following questions:
(i) What type of stoichiometric defect is shown by crystal?
(ii) How is the density of the crystal affected by this defect?
(iii) What type of ionic substances show such defect?

Q. Examine the defective crystal lattice given below and answer the following questions:
(a) Name of defect present in ionic solid.
(b) Out of AgCl and NaCl, which is most likely to show this type of defect and why?
(c) Why the defect is also as dislocation defect?

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