Question

Examples of congenital diseases are

• A. Alkaptonuria, albinism
• B. Albinism, sickle cell anaemia
• C. Hemophilia
• D. all the above

Answer 1

The correct option is D

all the above

The correct answer is Option D

Explanation of correct option:

Alkaptonuria:

1. It is often known as black urine sickness, which is an uncommon hereditary condition, caused by a faulty gene called the HGD gene.
2. The body is unable to effectively break down particular amino acids as a result, homogentisic acid accumulates in the skin and other tissues of the body

Albinism:

1. It is a congenital condition that manifests itself from birth.
2. Albinism is caused by a mutation in one of several genes involved in the production or distribution of melanin, the pigment that gives skin, eyes, and hair their color.
3. The deficiency may cause a lack of melanin production or a reduction in the quantity of melanin produced.

Sickle cell anemia:

1. A blood condition that affects red blood cells in sickle cell anemia.
2. Normal red blood cells are spherical in shape. Hemoglobin S (HgbS) is the defective hemoglobin that replaces normal hemoglobin, which is termed hemoglobin A. (HgbA).
3. The red blood cells grow stiff over time and take the appearance of crescent moons or sickles.

Hemophilia:

1. Hemophilia is caused by a mutation or alteration in one of the genes that give instructions on how to make the clotting factor proteins that help blood clot.
2. This alteration or mutation can cause the clotting protein to stop operating or go missing entirely. The X chromosome contains these genes.

Final answer: Alkaptonuria, Albinism, Sickle cell anemia, and Hemophilia are examples of congenital diseases.