Question

Explain : 1)Neotype 2)Isotype 3) Lectotype 4)Syntype

Answer 1

In biology and botany, a holotype is the original specimen used to describe a new species for the first time. There is only one holotype.

1) neotype. : a type specimen that is selected subsequent to the description of a species to replace a preexisting type that has been lost or destroyed.A neotype is a replacement specimen for the holotype, where the original holotype has been lost, destroyed or was never designated.

2)Isotype :A plant specimen that is a duplicate of or very similar to the type_specimen and can be used as a reference specimen if the type specimen is lost.

3) A lectotype is a specimen later selected to serve as the single type specimen for species originally described from a set of syntypes. In zoology, a lectotype is a kind of name-bearing type.
A lectotype is a single specimen of a syntype (series of specimens) selected to serves as the neotype of the species, where the species was previously defined by the syntype.

4)A syntype is a collection of specimens that together serve as the definition of the species where a holotype was never selected (syntypes are now frowned upon).