Question

Explain about the human anatomy.

Answer 1

Human anatomy is quite a vast topic; some important parts are described below:

ANATOMY = the study of the structure (morphology, form) of body parts.

a. histology = the microscopic study of tissues.

b. cytology = the microscopic study of cells.

Human anatomy deals with the way the parts of humans, from molecules to bones, interact to form a functional unit. Human body consist of various systems associated with various functions.

Skeletal system: The skeletal system includes all of the bones and joints in the body. The skeleton acts as a scaffold by providing support and protection for the soft tissues that make up the rest of the body.

Muscular system:The muscular system is responsible for the movement of the human body.

Cardiovascular system:The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and the approximately 5 liters of blood that the blood vessels transport. Responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones and cellular waste products throughout the body, the cardiovascular system is powered by the body’s hardest-working organ - the heart.

Endocrine system: The endocrine system includes all of the glands of the body and the hormones produced by those glands. The glands are controlled directly by stimulation from the nervous system as well as by chemical receptors in the blood and hormones produced by other glands.By regulating the functions of organs in the body, these glands help to maintain the body’s homeostasis.

Nervous system: The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, sensory organs and all of the nerves that connect these organs with the rest of the body. Together, these organs are responsible for the control of the body and communication among its parts.

Digestive system: The digestive system is a group of organs working together to convert food into energy and basic nutrients to feed the entire body.

Respiratory system: The respiratory system provides oxygen to the body’s cells while removing carbon dioxide, a waste product that can be lethal if allowed to accumulate. There are 3 major parts of the respiratory system: the airway, the lungs, and the muscles of respiration.

Immune and Lymphatic systems: The immune and lymphatic systems are two closely related organ systems that share several organs and physiological functions. The immune system is our body’s defense system against infectious pathogenic viruses, bacteria, and fungi as well as parasitic animals and protista. The immune system works to keep these harmful agents out of the body and attacks those that manage to enter.

Urinary system:The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. The kidneys filter the blood to remove wastes and produce urine. The ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra together form the urinary tract, which acts as a plumbing system to drain urine from the kidneys, store it, and then release it during urination.

Female reproductive system: The female reproductive system includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, vulva, mammary glands and breasts. These organs are involved in the production and transportation of gametes and the production of sex hormones. The female reproductive system also facilitates the fertilization of ova by sperm and supports the development of offspring during pregnancy and infancy.

Male reproductive system:The male reproductive system includes the scrotum, testes, spermatic ducts, sex glands and penis. These organs work together to produce sperm, the male gamete, and the other components of semen. These organs also work together to deliver semen out of the body and into the vagina where it can fertilize egg cells to produce offspring.

Integumentary system: The integumentary system is an organ system consisting of the skin, hair, nails, and exocrine glands.