Question

Explain briefly: [5 MARKS]
(a) The pituitary gland is called the 'master gland.'
(b) Adrenaline is also known as 'emergency hormone.'
(c) The thymus is larger and more prominent in children (below twelve) than in adults.
(d) Older people tend to feel more cold.
(e) Iodine rich food must be included in our diet.

Answer 1

Each Part: 1 Mark

(a) The hormones of pituitary gland regulate the functioning of other hormonal glands and many activities of the body. Hence, it is called the master gland.

(b) Adrenaline is secreted at the time of emergency (stress or strain) and prepares the body to meet any emergency situation for fight, fright and flight. So, it is also known as emergency hormone.

(c) The thymus gland is supposed to stimulate growth and provide immunity in children. Hence, it is larger and more prominent in children than in adults.

(d) With advancing age, thyroid gland frequently slows down its activity which results in the lesser production of body heat. Hence, older people tend to face more cold.

(e) Iodine is the main component of thyroxine hormone. Deficiency of iodine decreases the production of this hormone which leads to goitre. So, to prevent goitre, iodine-rich food and salt must be added in our diet.