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Question

Explain clearly what is −

(a) growth (b) responsiveness to stimuli

(c) excretion (d) reproduction

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Solution

(a) Growth: The process of increase in the size and weight of the body of living things with time is called growth. In case of animals, growth occurs only for a definite period of time while there is no time−limit for the growth of plants.

(b) Responsiveness to stimuli: All the living things respond to the stimulus received from the surroundings. This characteristic of living things is called responsiveness to stimuli. Growth of roots of a plant towards the source of water is an example of responsiveness to stimuli by plants.

(c) Excretion: The process of passing out waste substances from the body is called excretion. There are specific organs in animals that perform the function of excretion. However, plants excrete waste materials in the form of water vapours. The stems of some plants such as babhul, neem or drumstick secrete gum as a waste material.

(d) Reproduction: Reproduction is a process by which a living organism gives rise to another organism of its own kind. It is necessary for the continuation of species and survival of organisms from generation to generation.


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