Explain different types of blood groups and donor compatibility by making a table.

Open in App

Solution

Blood groups

ABO grouping of blood is based on the presence or absence of two surface antigens on the RBCs (A and B).

Depending on the antigen present in the blood, antibodies for the same is produced in every individual.

For example a person whose blood group is A will have antigen A, thus the body will produce antibody B. While doing blood transfusions, blood groups of donor and recipient should be compatible, otherwise an antigen antibody reaction can produce clots that can block the blood circulation.

Blood group A

Individuals with blood group A will have surface antigen A and antibody B.

Blood group B

Individuals with blood group B will have surface antigen B and antibody A.

Blood groupAB

Individuals with blood groups AB will have surface antigen A and B, and no antibodies as both the antigens are present.

Blood group O

Individuals with blood group O will have no surface antigen, but both the antibodies A and B are present.

Donor compatibility

Individuals with blood group A can receive blood from an individual of blood group A and O as there will be no antibody against antigen A.

Individuals with blood group B can receive blood from an individual of blood group B and O as there will be no antibody against antigen B.

Individuals with blood groups AB can receive blood from an individual having A,B,AB or O because they don't have antibodies in the plasma.This blood group is called a universal recipient.

Individuals with blood group O have no surface antigens present on RBCs and have both antibodies in their plasma. So they can donate blood to everyone.This blood group is called universal donor.

Summary

Different types of blood groups and donor compatibility
Criteria A B AB O Antigen Antibody Donor compatibility

Antigen A is present. Antigen B is present. Antigen A and B both are present. No Antigen is present

Antibody B is present Antibody A is present. No antibodies are present. Both Antibody A Antibody B is present.

Blood group A and O Blood group B and O

Blood group A,B,O and AB

Universal recipients

Blood group O

Universal donor


Antigen A is present.	Antigen B is present.	Antigen A and B both are present.	No Antigen is present
Antibody B is present	Antibody A is present.	No antibodies are present.	Both Antibody A Antibody B is present.
Blood group A and O	Blood group B and O	Blood group A,B,O and AB Universal recipients	Blood group O Universal donor

Suggest Corrections

Similar questions

Fill in the blanks:

1) The blood groups are classified on the basis of presence or absence of _____________ on the surface of RBC.

2) _______ is the most important blood group system in human blood transfusion.

3) The ________system is the second most significant blood-group system in human-blood transfusion.

4.) ______ is the most important antigen after A and B antigens.

5). After a ____________ transplant, the recipients blood type eventually changes to the donor type.

6.) Individuals with type _________ blood are often called universal donors, and those with type _________ blood are called universal recipients.

Blood group AB is called universal donor and blood group O is called universal recipient.

Join BYJU'S Learning Program

Explore more

Join BYJU'S Learning Program