Question

Explain different types of vegetation in India?

Answer 1

Dear student,

The different types of vegetation found in India are :
(i) Tropical Evergreen Forests

• These evergreen forests are found in warm and wet regions.
• These are found where the rainfall is more than 200cm, with a short dry season.
• These are found in the rainy slopes of western ghats, plains of West Bengal and Odisha and North-eastern India
• These forests are dense and multilayered. Have different species of flora and fauna in these forests. The plants found in these regions are mostly tall.
• The temperature of these regions varies from 23.5°C to 30°C. These forests are mostly found in regions near valleys and water bodies.

(ii) Tropical Deciduous Forests

• Tropical forests are the most widespread forests which are also known as monsoon forests because they thrive where the rainfall is between 70cm and 200 cm.
• These forests are rich in vegetation.
• The trees shed their leaves for about six to eight weeks in summer.

(iii) Tropical Thorn Forests and Scrubs

• Thorn forests are a type of forest formation, mostly tropical and subtropical, intermediate between desert and steppe
• They are dominated by small trees and shrubs, many armed with thorns and spines
• Leaves are absent, succulent, or deciduous during long dry periods

(iv) Montane Forests

• Montane forests are the forests that grow in mountainous areas.
• They consist of wet temperate forests between the altitudes of 1000 and 2000 metres. The trees in these forests typically have broad leaves. These include chestnut and oaks.
• Between the altitudes of 1500 and 3000 metres, the temperate forests consist of coniferous trees like pine, deodar, silver fir, spruce and cedar. Pine forests are found in the steep dry slopes of Shivalik Hills, Western and Central Himalayas.
• At an altitude of more than 3600 metres, Alpine vegetation in the form of junipers and birches are found. In India, these forests are found on the southern slopes of the Himalayas. Alpine grasslands are used by nomadic tribes for grazing.

(v) Mangrove Forests

• Mangrove forests are tidal forests which are influenced by tides, found around the coastal regions.

Regards,