Question

Explain 'Electric motor' with the help of the following points :

1. Draw figure

2. Principle of Electric Motor

3. Explain its various parts

Answer 1

The electric motor is a rotating device that converts electric energy to mechanical energy. It is based on the principle that the current carrying conductor placed perpendicular to the magnetic field, experiences a force which aids in doing work.
Parts of an electric motor:
(a) Armature coil: It is a loop of an insulated copper wire in the form of a rectangle. Rectangle ABCD is the armature coil.

(b) Strong field magnet: The armature coil is placed between two pole pieces (N and S poles) of a strong magnet, which provides a strong magnetic field.
(c) Split ring commutators: It consists of two halves (P and Q) of a metallic ring. The two ends of the armature coil are connected to these two halves of the ring. Commutators reverse the direction of current in the armature coil.
(d) Brushes: Two carbon brushes X and Y press against the commutator. These brushes act as contacts between the commutator and the terminals of the battery.
(e) Battery: A battery is connected to the carbon brushes X and Y. This battery supplies the current.